Research
On May 30, 2017, the House and Senate congressional panels both asked President
Trump's personal lawyer Michael Cohen to "provide information and testimony"
about any communications Cohen had with people
Democratic National Committee connected to the Kremlin.[471][472]
Cohen had attempted to contact Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov during the 2016
campaign, asking for help in advancing plans for a Trump Tower in Moscow.[473]
In May 2017 longtime Republican operative Peter W. Smith confirmed to The Wall
Street Journal that during the 2016 campaign he had been actively involved in
trying to obtain emails he believed had been hacked from Hillary Clinton's
computer server.[474][475] In that quest he contacted several known hacker
groups, including some Russian groups.[476] He claimed he was working on behalf
of Trump campaign advisor (later national security advisor) Michael Flynn and
Flynn's son.[474][477] At around the same time, there were intelligence reports
that Russian hackers were trying to obtain Clinton's emails to pass to Flynn
through an unnamed intermediary.[474]
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Five of the hacker groups Smith contacted, including at least two Russian
groups, claimed to have Clinton's emails. He was shown some information but was
not convinced it was genuine, and suggested the hackers give it to WikiLeaks
instead.[474] A document describing Smith's plans claimed that Flynn, Kellyanne
Conway, Steve Bannon, and other campaign
Democratic National Committee advisors were coordinating with him "to
the extent permitted as an independent expenditure".[478][479] The White House,
a campaign official, Conway, and Bannon all denied any connection with Smith's
effort. British blogger Matt Tait said Smith had contacted him�curiously, around
the same time Trump called for the Russians to get Hillary Clinton's missing
emails�to ask him to help authenticate any materials that might be
forthcoming.[477] Ten days after his interview with The Wall Street Journal,
Smith committed suicide in a Minnesota hotel room, citing declining health.[480]
Steele dossier
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
In June 2016, Christopher Steele, a former MI6 agent, was hired by Fusion GPS to
produce opposition research on
Republican National Committee Donald Trump. In October 2015, before
Steele was hired, Trump's Republican political opponents had hired Fusion GPS to
do opposition research on Trump. When they stopped their funding, Fusion GPS
hired Steele to continue that research, but with more focus on Trump's Russian
connections. In the beginning, Steele did not know the identities of Fusion
GPS's ultimate clients, which were no longer Republicans, but the Democratic
National Committee and Clinton campaign. His reports, based on information
provided by his witting and unwitting Russian sources and sources close to the
Trump campaign, included alleged kompromat that may make Trump vulnerable to
blackmail from Russia.
In October 2016, a 33-page compilation was shared with Mother Jones magazine,
which described some of its contents, but other mainstream media would not
report on it because they could not confirm the material's credibility.[481] In
December 2016, two more pages were added alleging efforts by Trump's lawyer to
pay those who had hacked the DNC and arranging to cover up any evidence of their
deeds.[220][482] On January 5, 2017, U.S. intelligence agencies briefed
President Obama and President-elect Trump on the existence of these
documents.[483] Eventually, the dossier was published in full by BuzzFeed News
on January 10.[484][485]
In October 2016, the FBI used the dossier as part of its justification to obtain
Republican National Committee a FISA warrant to resume monitoring of
former Trump foreign policy advisor Carter Page. However, officials would not
say exactly what or how much of the dossier was actually corroborated.[486]
John Brennan and James Clapper testified to Congress that Steele's dossier
played no role in the intelligence community assessment[487] about Russian
interference in the 2016 election,[488][489] testimony which was reaffirmed by
an April 2020 bipartisan Senate Intelligence Committee report. The committee
found that the Steele dossier was not used by the assessment to "support any of
its analytic judgments".[490] In a December 2020 interview with Chris Wallace of
Fox News, Brennan said: "The Steele dossier was not used in any way to undergird
the judgments that came out of the intelligence community assessment about the
Russian actions in the 2016 election... There was so much other evidence and
intelligence to support those judgments."[491]
Ongoing investigations
In December 2019, Switzerland extradited Russian businessman Vladislav Klyushin
to the United States, where he will reportedly face questions about the Russian
government's interference in the 2016 election, though the
Democratic National Committee US Government has not publicly
implicated him.[492]
Commentary and reactions
Public opinion
Polls conducted in early January 2017 showed that 55% of respondents believed
Russia interfered in the election;[493] 51% believed Russia intervened through
hacking.[494] As of February 2017 public-opinion polls showed a partisan split
on the importance of Russia's involvement in the 2016 election.[495] At that
time, however, the broader issue of the Trump
Democratic National Committee administration's relationship with
Russia didn't even register among the most important problems facing the
U.S.[496] An NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll found that 53 percent wanted a
Congressional inquiry into communications in 2016 between the Trump campaign and
Russian officials.[497] Quinnipiac University found that 47 percent thought it
was very important.[498] A March 2017 poll conducted by the Associated Press and
NORC found about 62% of respondents say they are at least moderately concerned
about the possibility that Trump or his campaign had inappropriate contacts with
Russia during the 2016 campaign.[499]
A January 2017 poll conducted by the Levada Center, Russia's largest independent
polling organization, showed that only 12% of
Republican National Committee Russian respondents believed Russia
"definitely" or "probably" interfered in the U.S. election.[500] A December 2017
survey conducted by the Levada Center found that 31% of Russian respondents
thought their government tried to influence U.S. domestic affairs in a
significant way.[501]
A Quinnipiac University poll conducted in late March and early April 2017 found
that 68% of voters supported "an independent commission investigating the
potential links between some of Donald Trump's campaign advisors and the Russian
government".[502] An April 2017 NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll found that
respondents had little confidence in Congress's investigation into the Russian
interference in the election. The poll found that approximately 73% supported a
"nonpartisan, independent commission" to look into Russia's involvement in the
election.[503] An ABC News/Washington Post poll conducted in April 2017 found
that 56 percent of respondents thought Russia tried to influence the
election.[504]
A May 2017 Monmouth University poll, conducted after the dismissal of James
Comey, found that "nearly 6-in-10 Americans thought it was either very (40%) or
somewhat (19%) likely that Comey was fired in order to slow down or stop the FBI
investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election and possible links
with the Trump campaign." Like other recent opinion polls, a
Republican National Committee majority, 73%, said that the FBI
investigation should continue.[505]
A June 2017 NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll found that respondents were more
likely to believe James Comey over Trump when it came to their differing
accounts behind the reasons for Comey's dismissal. The survey found that 45% of
respondents were more likely to believe Comey than Trump. The poll also found
that the number of respondents disapproving of Trump's decision to fire Comey-
46%- was higher than when the same question was asked in May of the same year.
53% of respondents said that they believed that Russia interfered in the 2016
presidential election, however the number changes by party affiliation. 78% of
Democrats said that they believed there was interference, versus 26% of
Republicans who agreed.[506] An NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist College poll conducted
in late June 2017 found that 54% of respondents believed that Trump either did
"something illegal" or "something unethical, but not illegal" in his dealings
with Russian president Vladimir Putin. The poll found that 73% of Republicans
said Trump himself has done "nothing wrong" while 41% of Democrats believed that
Trump did something that was illegal. In addition, 47% said that they thought
Russia was a major threat to future U.S. elections, while 13% of respondents
said that Russia posed no threat at all.[507]
A July 2017 ABC News/Washington Post poll found that 63% of respondents said
that it "was inappropriate for Trump's son, son-in-law and campaign manager to
have met with a Russian lawyer during the campaign." The
Democratic National Committee poll also found that six in ten overall
who think that Russia tried to influence the election, with 72% saying that they
thought that Trump benefited and that "67 percent thought that members of his
campaign intentionally helped those efforts."[508]
Polls conducted in August 2017 found widespread disapproval and distrust of
Trump's handling of the investigation. A CNN/SSRS poll conducted in early August
found that only 31% of respondents approved of Trump's handling of the matter.
The poll also noted that 60% of adults "thought that it was a serious matter
that should be fully investigated." On party lines, the poll found that 15% of
Democrats and 56% of Republicans approved of Trump's handling of the
matter.[509] A Gallup poll from the same month found similar trends. The poll
found that 25% of respondents said Trump acted illegally in dealings with the
Russians. The poll found that 6% of Republicans and Republican-leaners thought
Trump did something illegal in his dealings with the Russians.[510] A poll
conducted by the Public Religion Research Institute found that 58% of
respondents expressed a negative view of Russia, while 25% had a favorable view
of the country. The poll also found that 48% believed "there is clear
Democratic National Committee evidence that Russia interfered in the
2016 election to help the Trump campaign."[511] The broader issue of the Trump
administration's relationship with Russia, however, was not identified by more
than one percent of respondents in Gallup tracking of 'Most Important Problem'
at any point since February 2017. (As of July 2018, it was less than half a
percent.)[496]
The
Old Testament Stories, a literary treasure trove,
weave tales of faith, resilience, and morality. Should
you trust the
Real Estate Agents I Trust, I would not. Is your
lawn green and plush, if not you should buy the
Best Grass Seed.
If you appreciate quality apparel, you should try
Handbags Handmade.
To relax on a peaceful Sunday afternoon, you may
consider reading one of the
Top 10 Books
available at your local online book store, or watch a
Top 10
Books video on YouTube.
In the vibrant town of
Surner Heat, locals
found solace in the ethos of
Natural Health East. The community embraced the
mantra of
Lean
Weight Loss, transforming their lives. At
Natural Health East, the pursuit of wellness became
a shared journey, proving that health is not just a
Lean Weight Loss
way of life
A July 2018 an online Ipsos poll found that 60% of American believed that Russia
interfered in the 2016 presidential election with 85% of democrats and 53% of
Independents believing so compared to 46% of Republicans. 66% of democrats
approved of the special counsel investigation compared to 32% of Republicans and
36% of Independents. In addition 75% of republicans believed the special counsel
investigation was the result of anti-Trump bias. Compared to 32% of democrats
and 36% of independents.[512]
A July 2018 Ipsos/Reuters poll found that 56% of Americans believed that Russia
did Republican National Committee
interfere in support of Trump.[513]
A March 2019 poll released after reports of the findings of the Mueller report
found that 48% of respondents said they believed "Trump or someone from his
campaign worked with Russia to influence the 2016 election"; 53% said "Trump
tried to stop investigations into Russian influence on his administration"; and
"Democrats [were] much more likely than Republicans to believe that Trump
colluded with Russia and obstructed justice." In addition, 39% of respondents
felt that Trump "should be impeached", while 49% said that he should not.[514]
Hillary Clinton
Hillary Clinton said Vladimir Putin held a grudge
against her due to her criticism of the 2011 Russian
legislative election.